Quishing attacks or how to recognize QR code scams?

In the digital age we live in, QR codes are everywhere - from restaurant menus to event tickets, from payments to registrations. However, this handy technology also hides a serious threat that many people don't recognize: quishing. This is the new form of cybercrime that uses QR codes as a weapon to steal personal data and money.

Quishing is a combination of the words "QR" and "phishing". It is a type of cyberattack in which criminals use malicious QR codes to trick victims into sharing sensitive information or installing malware on their devices.

Unlike traditional phishing, which relies on suspicious emails or links, quishing exploits our trust in QR codes. When we scan such a code with our phone, it can redirect us to a fake website that looks identical to a legitimate site for a bank, institution or popular service.

How do quishing attacks work?

Cybercriminals use several main methods to distribute malicious QR codes:

Physical substitution

Fraudsters stick fake QR codes on legitimate ones in public places - parking meters, menu cards, information boards or advertising materials. When you scan such a code, you fall into a trap instead of the expected site.

Email campaigns

Attackers send mass emails with QR codes claiming to be from banks, service providers or online stores. The message usually creates a sense of urgency - for example, "Your account will be blocked, scan the code for confirmation."

Social networks and messaging

Malicious QR codes are distributed via Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp or SMS messages disguised as promotions, rewards or important notifications.

Fake invoices and documents

Criminals create fake invoices, tickets, or documents that contain hash codes instead of legitimate payment links.

Why is quishing so effective

The success of this scam lies in a few key factors:

Threat Invisibility - When we see a URL, we can check it for suspicious elements. However, the QR code is just a box of dots that reveals nothing about the destination.

Automatic trust - Most people associate QR codes with advanced technology and security, making them less careful when scanning.

Mobile Vulnerability - We are more careless on our phones and more likely to click quickly without checking details.

Learn to recognize the warning signs:

• QR code is stuck on top of another code or appears to be added on top
• The email or message creates an artificial sense of urgency
• After scanning, a website opens asking for personal details or a password
• The URL looks strange or slightly different from the original
• The website has spelling mistakes or poor quality images
• Payment details are requested for something that should be free
• Lacks standard security features like HTTPS or a padlock icon

How do we protect ourselves from quishing

Before scanning

Check the context - Ask yourself if it makes sense to have a QR code in that location. If the code looks stuck on top or incorrectly positioned, do not scan it.

Use specialized apps - Install a QR code reader app that displays the URL before opening the link. Avoid scanning directly through the camera.

Be careful with emails - Never scan QR codes from unsolicited emails or messages, especially if they create panic or promise unrealistic rewards.

While scanning

Check the URL - Before clicking, check the URL carefully. Look for small differences such as extra letters, wrong domain, or strange characters.

Check security - Make sure the site starts with "https://" and has a padlock icon in the address bar.

After scanning

Don't share personal details quickly - Never enter passwords, bank card details or an ID number on a site you've accessed via a QR code without being absolutely sure of its legitimacy.

Use two-factor authentication - Enable additional protection for your important accounts to limit the damage in the event of a compromise.

Monitor your financial accounts - Regularly check your bank statements for unauthorized transactions.

Additional protection measures

Update your software - Keep your operating system and applications up-to-date at all times to ensure you have the latest protection mechanisms.

Educate yourself and your loved ones - Share information about quishing risks with family and friends, especially older people who may not be familiar with this threat.

Use virtual cards - For online payments using QR codes, consider using virtual or one-time use cards instead of your main bank card.

Report suspicious activity - If you come across a suspicious QR code in a public place, notify the establishment owner or local authorities.

What should we do if we become a victim?

If you suspect you have scanned a malicious QR code:

1. Immediately change your passwords for all important accounts, starting with email and banking
2. Contact your bank and block cards if you have entered payment details
3. Scan your device with an antivirus program to detect malware
4. Monitor your accounts in the coming weeks for unusual activity
5. Report the incident to the appropriate authorities or bank

Conclusion

Quishing is a modern threat that is evolving along with technology. While QR codes remain a convenient tool for our daily lives, it is critical to maintain a healthy skepticism and apply basic security measures with every scan.